PRK Eye Surgery (Photorefractive Keratectomy)
PRK, or Photorefractive Keratectomy, is an advanced form of laser vision correction designed to reduce or eliminate the need for glasses and contact lenses. PRK was the first FDA-approved laser vision correction procedure and remains an excellent option for many patients today. It is used to treat nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism by reshaping the cornea — the clear front surface of the eye — so that light focuses more precisely on the retina.
How PRK Works
PRK uses the exact same excimer laser technology that is used in LASIK. The excimer laser is a highly precise, computer-guided ultraviolet laser that removes microscopic amounts of corneal tissue to reshape the cornea and correct refractive error. The laser treatment itself — the portion that reshapes the cornea — is identical in both PRK and LASIK. Because the same laser treatment is performed, PRK provides the same visual results as LASIK. Patients can expect comparable clarity of vision and long-term stability with either procedure when they are good candidates.
The difference between PRK and LASIK lies in how the surgeon prepares the cornea before the laser treatment.
In LASIK, a thin flap is created in the cornea, lifted to allow the laser to reshape the underlying tissue, and then repositioned. In PRK, no corneal flap is created. Instead, the thin outer layer of the cornea (called the epithelium) is gently removed. The excimer laser then reshapes the underlying corneal tissue. After the laser treatment is completed, a soft bandage contact lens is placed on the eye to protect it while the surface layer naturally regenerates.
Why Some Patients Choose PRK
Because PRK does not involve creating a corneal flap, it may be recommended for patients with thinner corneas, irregular corneal surfaces, or those who participate in contact sports or professions where there is a higher risk of eye trauma. By avoiding the creation of a flap, PRK preserves more of the cornea’s structural integrity and eliminates the possibility of flap-related complications.
Recovery After PRK
Although PRK produces the same excellent long-term results as LASIK, the recovery process is different.
With LASIK, most patients experience rapid visual improvement within 24 hours and minimal discomfort. With PRK, the initial recovery period is longer. During the first three days, patients typically experience more discomfort, including light sensitivity, tearing, blurred vision, and a scratchy or gritty sensation. These symptoms are temporary and are part of the normal healing process as the epithelial layer grows back.
By the fourth or fifth day, the surface layer has usually healed sufficiently for the bandage contact lens to be removed. Vision gradually improves over the following days and weeks, with continued refinement during the first several months. While the early recovery requires more patience and can be less comfortable than LASIK, the final visual outcome is the same.
Long-Term Results
PRK has an excellent track record of safety, effectiveness, and stability. Once healing is complete, patients can expect the same level of visual clarity and reduction in dependence on glasses or contact lenses that LASIK provides. For the right candidate, PRK offers a proven, flap-free alternative that delivers outstanding long-term results.
A comprehensive eye examination will determine whether PRK or LASIK is the best choice based on your individual eye measurements, lifestyle, and visual goals.
