Blepharitis

Eyelid Inflammation and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Blepharitis is a common condition involving inflammation of the eyelids. It often occurs when the oil glands along the eyelid margins become blocked or inflamed, leading to irritation and dry eye symptoms.

Because these oil glands are essential for maintaining a healthy tear film, blepharitis is one of the most frequent causes of evaporative dry eye disease.

Symptoms of Blepharitis

Common symptoms include:

red or swollen eyelids
burning or irritation
itchy eyelids
excessive tearing
dry or gritty eyes
blurry vision
crusting around the eyelashes

Symptoms often worsen in the morning or after prolonged screen use.

What Causes Blepharitis?

Blepharitis may develop due to several factors including:

bacterial overgrowth on the eyelids
clogged meibomian glands
skin conditions such as rosacea
seborrheic dermatitis
poor eyelid hygiene

Chronic inflammation of the eyelids can lead to long-term changes in the oil glands that affect tear film stability.

Blepharitis and Dry Eye

The meibomian glands produce oils that slow tear evaporation. When these glands become blocked, the tear film evaporates quickly and dry eye symptoms develop.

Treating blepharitis is therefore an essential part of managing chronic dry eye disease.

Treatment for Blepharitis

Treatment may include:

warm compresses
eyelid cleansing
anti-inflammatory medications
antibiotics when necessary
in-office procedures designed to restore gland function

Long-term eyelid hygiene is often necessary to prevent recurrence.